Séminaire - Elio Riboli : The Role of Nutrition and Metabolic Factors in Cancer Causation and Prevention: Lessons Learned from EPIC and Other Large Population Cohort Studies

Épisode de Santé publique (2022-2023) - Mathilde Touvier par Collège de France · 18 avril 2023 · 1 h 05 min

Mathilde Touvier

Santé publique 2022-2023

Collège de France

Prévention nutritionnelle des maladies chroniques : de la recherche à l'action de santé publique

Séminaire - Elio Riboli : The Role of Nutrition and Metabolic Factors in Cancer Causation and Prevention: Lessons Learned from EPIC and Other Large Population Cohort Studies

Résumé

Over the past two decades a growing body of scientific evidence has accumulated supporting the role in cancer aetiology of factors that for convenience can be labelled "metabolic", to differentiate them from chemical, physical and infectious carcinogens. These include diet, anthropometric characteristics, physical activity, some metabolic syndrome components and some aspects of sexual maturation and reproductive life (the latter, specifically in relation to some female cancers). The establishment of the EPIC cohort since the 1990s, has largely contributed to the identification of the role of some components of diets (particularly fruit, vegetables, dietary fibre, meat and dairy products), anthropometric factors (overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity and lack of physical activity), metabolic factors (insulin resistance, insulin like growth factors and endogenous sex-hormones) and inflammation in modulating cancer risk, particularly for the colon and rectum, gastric cardia, oesophagus (adenocarcinoma), breast, endometrium, ovary, kidney, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and thyroid. Overall, diet, obesity and sedentary lifestyle have emerged as major worldwide causes of cancer, other chronic diseases as well as of premature death. This knowledge paves the way to new opportunities for primary and secondary cancer prevention.

Elio Riboli (M.D, MPH, MSc) started his research at the National Institute of Cancer in Milan. He then moved to IARC-WHO, Lyon, where in the 1990s he initiated the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), a population cohort including 500,000 participants in 10 European Countries, to investigate the role of nutrition and metabolic factors in the aetiology of cancer and other chronic diseases. In 2006, he moved to Imperial College where he became the founding Director of the Imperial School of Public Health (2008-2017) and continued his research in the field of nutritional epidemiology of cancer and NCDs.

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Santé publique (2022-2023) - Mathilde Touvier

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